Additional information | Virology | Microbiology

Box for Bitemporal lobe disease seen in HSV 1 encephalitis, HHV 6 encephalopathy shows hemorrhages, Mucormycosis, Flaviviruses, Syphilis, Paraneoplastic Limbic encephalitis in Small Cell Ca and testicular germ cell cancer, Alzheimer’s, some cases of Frontotemporal dementia, Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency, Gliomas/ astrocytomas, CADASIL (type of cerebral vasculitis) and radiation necrosis sec to head and neck radiation.
Box for swine flu. It is a highly contagious strain of H1N1 Influenza Virus. It was formed by the genetic reassortment of genomic RNA segments from humans, birds and pigs. It caused the influenza pandemic of 2009 affecting more than 100,000 people worldwide, majority of them being young people.
Avian influenza: Avian influenza refers to the disease caused by infection with avian (bird) influenza (flu) Type A viruses. These viruses occur naturally among wild aquatic birds worldwide and can infect domestic poultry and other bird and animal species. Avian flu viruses do not normally infect humans. However, sporadic human infections with avian flu viruses have occurred. The subtype H5N1 is highly pathogenic and carries the greatest risk of pandemics. It has above 60% mortality rate in humans.
HIV replication cycle: The infographic illustrates the HIV replication cycle, which begins when HIV fuses with the surface of the host cell. A capsid containing the virus’s genome and proteins then enters the cell. The shell of the capsid disintegrates and the HIV protein called reverse transcriptase transcribes the viral RNA into DNA. The viral DNA is transported across the nucleus, where the HIV protein integrase integrates the HIV DNA into the host’s DNA. The host’s normal transcription machinery transcribes HIV DNA into multiple copies of new HIV RNA. Some of this RNA becomes the genome of a new virus, while the cell uses other copies of the RNA to make new HIV proteins. The new viral RNA and HIV proteins move to the surface of the cell, where a new, immature HIV forms. Finally, the virus is released from the cell, and the HIV protein called protease cleaves newly synthesized polyproteins to create a mature infectious virus.