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Textbook
Introduction
1. Common stock
2. Preferred stock
3. Debt securities
4. Corporate debt
5. Municipal debt
6. US government debt
7. Investment companies
8. Alternative pooled investments
9. Options
10. Taxes
11. The primary market
12. The secondary market
12.1 Agency vs. principal capacity
12.2 Roles
12.3 Bid & ask
12.4 The markets
12.5 The Securities Exchange Act of 1934
12.6 Customer orders
12.6.1 Market orders
12.6.2 Limit orders
12.6.3 Stop orders
12.6.4 Stop limit orders
12.6.5 Summary of the order types
12.6.6 Additional order specifications
12.6.7 Customer order rules
13. Brokerage accounts
14. Retirement & education plans
15. Rules & ethics
Wrapping up
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12.6.7 Customer order rules
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12. The secondary market
12.6. Customer orders

Customer order rules

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Registered representatives must create an order ticket for every order they enter. The order ticket creates a paper trail in case a problem comes up later. It typically includes the customer’s account number, the type of order, the number of shares, and any other order instructions. You must complete the order ticket and submit it to the firm’s recordkeeping system before the order is entered.

After the order is entered, a supervisor must review the registered representative’s work promptly (usually by the end of the day). When you enter customer orders, your supervisor checks that the order was entered correctly and follows firm procedures. This supervisor is often called the principal. If there’s an error, the principal can correct the order ticket. Even if you spot the mistake first, any change to the ticket must be approved by the principal.

In practice, you may also run into a customer who wants to place an unsuitable order. For example, a retired customer with limited resources might want to buy a very risky stock. Your responsibility is to explain the risks and why the trade may not be appropriate for their situation. If the customer still insists on placing the order, you must enter it. The customer ultimately controls what happens in their account.

When a customer insists on an unsuitable trade, document the discussion. Firms maintain a file for each customer that includes transaction history and notes from prior interactions. If the customer’s expectations are unrealistic, the trade could lead to significant losses. Clear notes can help address questions about what was discussed and may help limit the firm’s liability. If the trade resulted from a recommendation and was unsuitable, the firm could be held liable.

Key points

Order tickets

  • Must be prepared prior to order entry
  • Promptly reviewed by principals
  • Changes subject to principal approval

Unsuitable customer orders

  • Must be placed if the customer insists
  • Marked unsolicited
  • Should note interaction in the customer file

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