Backsolve
Backsolving means testing the answer choices to see which one works, instead of solving the problem straight through. AMC problems usually have a clean “direct” solution, so backsolving is often a backup plan. Still, it can give you complete confidence in your answer, and sometimes it’s actually the quickest approach.
How backsolving works
Instead of building the answer from scratch, you start by assuming an answer choice is correct and check whether it satisfies the problem’s conditions.
When the answer choices are single numbers (not words, ordered pairs, or expressions), they’re usually listed in increasing order. That ordering lets you test efficiently:
- Start by testing B.
- If B works, you’re done.
- If B is too large, then A must be correct.
- If B is too small, test D next.
- Then test D.
- If D works, you’re done.
- If D is too large, then C must be correct.
- If D is too small, then E must be correct.
This “B then D” shortcut relies on the choices being ordered and on the output changing in a predictable direction as the input changes.
When the shortcut doesn’t apply
If the answer choices are ordered pairs, sentences, or variables/expressions, you can’t use the “B then D” logic. In those cases, backsolve by testing the choices that look most plausible first, and keep going until one satisfies the conditions.
Examples
For each of these AMC examples, find the solution by using the backsolving method exclusively.
Example: The question below is from 2018 AMC 10A
Sangho uploaded a video to a website where viewers can vote that they like or dislike a video. Each video begins with a score of , and the score increases by for each like vote and decreases by for each dislike vote. At one point Sangho saw that his video had a score of , and that of the votes cast on his video were like votes. How many votes had been cast on Sangho’s video at that point?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Answer: B.
Because the answers are single numbers in increasing order, the “B then D” approach fits well.
Test B: assume there were votes.
- Likes: of is .
- Dislikes: .
- Score: .
That matches the given score, so B is correct. If the score had come out larger than , you’d need fewer total votes; if it had come out smaller than , you’d need more total votes.
Example: The question below is from 2019 AMC 10B
All lines with equation such that form an arithmetic progression pass through a common point. What are the coordinates of that point?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Answer: A.
Here the answer choices are ordered pairs, so the “B then D” shortcut doesn’t apply. Instead, test choices directly.
Choices B and D don’t work because they force two of to be equal, which prevents from forming an arithmetic progression.
Now test A by plugging in and :
- The equation becomes .
- This can happen when are in arithmetic progression (for example, or ), so A is consistent with the condition.
So the common point is .