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Textbook
Introduction
1. SAT Reading and Writing
2. SAT Math
2.1 Intro to SAT Math
2.2 SAT Math Tools and Strategies
2.2.1 The UnCLES Method for SAT Math
2.2.2 SAT Math Formula Sheet
2.3 SAT Algebra
2.4 SAT Geometry
2.5 SAT Advanced Math
2.6 SAT Problem Solving and Data
Wrapping Up
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2.2.2 SAT Math Formula Sheet
Achievable SAT
2. SAT Math
2.2. SAT Math Tools and Strategies

SAT Math Formula Sheet

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Although the SAT provides a generous list of formulas accessible on test day, there are quite a few relevant formulas, properties, and strategies not included on that list. The Achievable course formula sheet provides a comprehensive list, with explanations where necessary, of quite a few other formulas relevant to the SAT. The last page of this sheet simply repeats the formulas provided by SAT on test day; we include it here so you can compare and contrast the formulas included on the test with those that aren’t.

We highly recommend making physical flashcards to memorize these formulas and concepts, as research and experience suggest that writing down the information and interacting physically with the cards provides the best retention. But if you prefer online flashcard sites such as Quizlet, please use those; the format that feels most accessible to you is the one that is likely to work best.

If you do use physical flashcards, we recommend the “Leitner Box” method, which separates the cards into four or five boxes, ranging from boxes labeled Every Day to a box with some lesser frequency, such as Every Week or Every Other Week. When you answer a card correctly, move it toward the “less frequent” box. When you answer a card incorrectly, move it toward the “more frequent” box. The formulas that stump you the most should remain in the Every Day box until you begin gaining consistent traction with them.

If you apply yourself faithfully to retaining these formulas in your working memory, you will see significant fruit of your labors on the SAT math section!

Download: Achievable SAT Math Formula Sheet

Achievable SAT problem solving and data sheet

Achievable SAT algebra sheet a

Achievable SAT algebra sheet b

Achievable SAT algebra sheet c

Achievable SAT geometry sheet

Achievable SAT formulas provided on the SAT sheet

SAT Math Formula Memorization Strategies

  • Use physical or digital flashcards for retention
  • Leitner Box method, organize cards by review frequency
  • Focus extra practice on formulas you miss most

Algebra: Linear Equations and Systems

  • Slope formula: m=x2​−x1​y2​−y1​​
  • Slope-intercept form: y=mx+b
  • Standard form: Ax+By=C
  • System of equations, solve by substitution or elimination

Algebra: Quadratics and Polynomials

  • Quadratic formula: x=2a−b±b2−4ac​​
  • Vertex form: y=a(x−h)2+k
  • Factoring quadratics and difference of squares
  • Zero product property: if ab=0, then a=0 or b=0

Algebra: Exponents and Radicals

  • Product rule: am⋅an=am+n
  • Power rule: (am)n=amn
  • Negative exponent: a−n=an1​
  • Radical to exponent: nam​=am/n

Algebra: Functions

  • Function notation: f(x)
  • Domain and range concepts
  • Composition: f(g(x))
  • Inverse functions: f−1(x)

Statistics and Probability

  • Mean, median, mode definitions
  • Probability formula: P(A)=total outcomesfavorable outcomes​
  • Counting principle, multiply choices for independent events

Geometry: Triangles

  • Triangle area: A=21​bh
  • Pythagorean theorem: a2+b2=c2
  • Triangle angle sum: 180∘
  • Special right triangles:
    • 45-45-90: sides x,x,x2​
    • 30-60-90: sides x,x3​,2x

Geometry: Circles

  • Area: A=πr2
  • Circumference: C=2πr
  • Arc length: 360θ​×2πr
  • Sector area: 360θ​×πr2

Geometry: Coordinate Geometry

  • Distance formula: (x2​−x1​)2+(y2​−y1​)2​
  • Midpoint formula: (2x1​+x2​​,2y1​+y2​​)

Geometry: Polygons and Solids

  • Rectangle area: A=lw
  • Parallelogram area: A=bh
  • Trapezoid area: A=21​(b1​+b2​)h
  • Volume formulas:
    • Rectangular prism: V=lwh
    • Cylinder: V=πr2h
    • Sphere: V=34​πr3

Formulas Provided on SAT Test Day

  • Basic area and volume formulas for common shapes
  • Pythagorean theorem
  • Slope formula
  • Emphasis, not all relevant formulas are provided, memorize additional ones
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SAT Math Formula Sheet

Although the SAT provides a generous list of formulas accessible on test day, there are quite a few relevant formulas, properties, and strategies not included on that list. The Achievable course formula sheet provides a comprehensive list, with explanations where necessary, of quite a few other formulas relevant to the SAT. The last page of this sheet simply repeats the formulas provided by SAT on test day; we include it here so you can compare and contrast the formulas included on the test with those that aren’t.

We highly recommend making physical flashcards to memorize these formulas and concepts, as research and experience suggest that writing down the information and interacting physically with the cards provides the best retention. But if you prefer online flashcard sites such as Quizlet, please use those; the format that feels most accessible to you is the one that is likely to work best.

If you do use physical flashcards, we recommend the “Leitner Box” method, which separates the cards into four or five boxes, ranging from boxes labeled Every Day to a box with some lesser frequency, such as Every Week or Every Other Week. When you answer a card correctly, move it toward the “less frequent” box. When you answer a card incorrectly, move it toward the “more frequent” box. The formulas that stump you the most should remain in the Every Day box until you begin gaining consistent traction with them.

If you apply yourself faithfully to retaining these formulas in your working memory, you will see significant fruit of your labors on the SAT math section!

Download: Achievable SAT Math Formula Sheet

Achievable SAT problem solving and data sheet

Achievable SAT algebra sheet a

Achievable SAT algebra sheet b

Achievable SAT algebra sheet c

Achievable SAT geometry sheet

Achievable SAT formulas provided on the SAT sheet

Key points

SAT Math Formula Memorization Strategies

  • Use physical or digital flashcards for retention
  • Leitner Box method, organize cards by review frequency
  • Focus extra practice on formulas you miss most

Algebra: Linear Equations and Systems

  • Slope formula: m=x2​−x1​y2​−y1​​
  • Slope-intercept form: y=mx+b
  • Standard form: Ax+By=C
  • System of equations, solve by substitution or elimination

Algebra: Quadratics and Polynomials

  • Quadratic formula: x=2a−b±b2−4ac​​
  • Vertex form: y=a(x−h)2+k
  • Factoring quadratics and difference of squares
  • Zero product property: if ab=0, then a=0 or b=0

Algebra: Exponents and Radicals

  • Product rule: am⋅an=am+n
  • Power rule: (am)n=amn
  • Negative exponent: a−n=an1​
  • Radical to exponent: nam​=am/n

Algebra: Functions

  • Function notation: f(x)
  • Domain and range concepts
  • Composition: f(g(x))
  • Inverse functions: f−1(x)

Statistics and Probability

  • Mean, median, mode definitions
  • Probability formula: P(A)=total outcomesfavorable outcomes​
  • Counting principle, multiply choices for independent events

Geometry: Triangles

  • Triangle area: A=21​bh
  • Pythagorean theorem: a2+b2=c2
  • Triangle angle sum: 180∘
  • Special right triangles:
    • 45-45-90: sides x,x,x2​
    • 30-60-90: sides x,x3​,2x

Geometry: Circles

  • Area: A=πr2
  • Circumference: C=2πr
  • Arc length: 360θ​×2πr
  • Sector area: 360θ​×πr2

Geometry: Coordinate Geometry

  • Distance formula: (x2​−x1​)2+(y2​−y1​)2​
  • Midpoint formula: (2x1​+x2​​,2y1​+y2​​)

Geometry: Polygons and Solids

  • Rectangle area: A=lw
  • Parallelogram area: A=bh
  • Trapezoid area: A=21​(b1​+b2​)h
  • Volume formulas:
    • Rectangular prism: V=lwh
    • Cylinder: V=πr2h
    • Sphere: V=34​πr3

Formulas Provided on SAT Test Day

  • Basic area and volume formulas for common shapes
  • Pythagorean theorem
  • Slope formula
  • Emphasis, not all relevant formulas are provided, memorize additional ones